Lake Ice Thickness and Frost Depth Calculator
Estimate snow-insulated lake ice growth, compare measured ice with Gold’s load relation, and explore soil frost depth. Always measure ice; no safety verdict is given.
Weather and climate calcs: wet-bulb temperature and heat index, a barometric forecaster, the butterfly effect and the Earth's energy balance. Physics you can try out.
Estimate snow-insulated lake ice growth, compare measured ice with Gold’s load relation, and explore soil frost depth. Always measure ice; no safety verdict is given.
Calculate wind chill and approximate exposed-skin frostbite bands. Explore how temperature and wind change winter cold risk with an animated chart.
Explore the butterfly effect with two nearly identical Lorenz-63 trajectories. Animate their divergence and learn what the model reveals about weather predictability.
Explore Earth's radiation balance, CO2 forcing, ocean warming and ice-albedo hysteresis with three linked teaching models, animated transients and sourced checks.
Estimate a 12-hour weather outlook from pressure, its 3-hour trend, wind and season. Includes sea-level reduction and clearly stated accuracy limits.
Calculate wet-bulb temperature, dew point, NWS heat index and wind chill. Estimate WBGT from local wind and sunlight, with Japanese heat-risk bands.
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