Transformer Differential Protection (87T): Slope & Harmonics
Match transformer CT ratios and vector-group phase shift, plot a dual-slope 87T characteristic, and check through faults, internal faults and harmonic blocking.
Match transformer CT ratios and vector-group phase shift, plot a dual-slope 87T characteristic, and check through faults, internal faults and harmonic blocking.
Size a two-switch forward welding inverter: transformer turns and copper, output choke, switch currents and losses, mains demand, and the arc load characteristic.
Model a 24-hour transformer load cycle, hot-spot temperature and insulation life use. Calculate harmonic loss factors and loss-based derating from a current spectrum.
Optimize TPS timing for minimum RMS current or circulating backflow with both bridges screened for ZVS. Compare SPS across bidirectional power, including an 800 V V2G preset.
Size an LLC tank, compare FHA with exact PO/NP gain, and check ZVS charge margin and component stress for half-bridge or full-bridge operation.
Plot IEEE and IEC relay curves with CT ratios, instantaneous trips and user fuse points. Screen grading margins and find a candidate upstream time dial and pickup interval.
Estimate three-phase and single-phase fault current, motor backfeed and peak current using a simplified IEC 60909 impedance model. Compare duty with breaker capacity.
Size or check a flyback transformer in DCM or CCM. Calculate inductance, turns ratio, peak and RMS currents, device voltage stress, winding estimates and an RCD clamp.
Size mains and ferrite bridge transformers with turns per volt, peak flux, window fill, copper and core losses, and temperature rise. Includes traceable loss models and winding checks.
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